Linux

Understand what the Linux kernel is, how it relates to GNU/Linux distributions, and why Linux dominates servers, embedded systems, and cloud infrastructure.

Learn the differences between major distributions (Ubuntu, Fedora, Arch, Debian) and how to pick one based on your goals and experience level.

Get comfortable with the terminal emulator, understand what a shell is (bash, zsh), and learn essential commands like echo, man, history, and tab completion.

You can open a terminal, run basic commands, and understand what Linux is.

Learn the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard — what /etc, /var, /home, /usr, /tmp, and other top-level directories contain and why.

Master cd, ls, pwd, cp, mv, rm, mkdir, find, and locate to move around and manage files confidently.

Understand hard links vs symbolic links, what inodes are, and how the filesystem tracks files internally.

Use *, ?, and bracket expressions to match multiple files in a single command.

You can navigate any Linux system, find files, and understand where things live.

Learn how Linux identifies users and groups, and how to create, modify, and delete accounts with useradd, usermod, and groupadd.

Master the rwx permission model, chmod, chown, chgrp, and understand how umask sets default permissions.

Understand the root user, why you should avoid logging in as root, and how sudo and the sudoers file provide controlled privilege escalation.

Learn what processes are, how to inspect them with ps, top, and htop, and control them with kill, bg, fg, and nohup.

Understand how Linux communicates with processes via signals (SIGTERM, SIGKILL, SIGHUP, SIGINT) and how to handle them.

You can manage users, set correct permissions, and monitor running processes.

Master stdin, stdout, stderr redirection (>, >>, 2>, &>), and chain commands together with pipes (|).

Use grep, sed, awk, cut, sort, uniq, wc, head, tail, and tr to filter, transform, and analyze text data.

Learn basic and extended regex syntax to build powerful search patterns used across Linux tools.

Write bash scripts with variables, conditionals (if/case), loops (for/while), functions, and exit codes to automate repetitive tasks.

Schedule scripts and commands to run automatically using crontab and systemd timers.

You can write scripts, process text, and schedule tasks to automate your workflow.

Understand IP addresses, subnets, ports, DNS, and TCP/UDP — the building blocks of all network communication.

Use ip, ss, ping, traceroute, dig, nslookup, curl, and wget to configure interfaces and diagnose connectivity issues.

Connect to remote machines securely with SSH, set up key-based authentication, and use scp/rsync for file transfers.

Control inbound and outbound traffic using Linux firewall tools to secure your system.

You can configure networking, troubleshoot connectivity, and securely access remote systems.

Install, update, and remove software using apt, dnf/yum, or pacman, and understand repositories and dependencies.

Manage system services with systemctl, understand unit files, and learn how Linux boots from kernel to login prompt.

Partition disks with fdisk/parted, create filesystems (ext4, xfs), mount/unmount volumes, and manage disk space with df and du.

Find and interpret system logs using journalctl, /var/log, syslog, and understand log rotation.

Use LVM to create flexible, resizable storage volumes that abstract away physical disk layout.

You can install software, manage services, handle storage, and read logs to keep a Linux system healthy.

Understand Linux namespaces and cgroups as the foundation of containers, and use Docker to build and run containerized applications.

Apply security best practices: disable unused services, configure fail2ban, set up SELinux/AppArmor, and audit your system.

Profile system performance using vmstat, iostat, sar, strace, and perf to identify and resolve bottlenecks.

Load and unload kernel modules with modprobe, tune runtime parameters via /proc/sys and sysctl, and understand kernel compilation basics.

You have deep Linux skills spanning containers, security, performance, and kernel internals.